Greek Timeline

7000 BCE – 1500 CE · 64 sites

All sites in this period

Troy

3000 BCE – 500 CE

The legendary city of Homer's Iliad, located at Hisarlık in northwestern Türkiye. Multiple settlement layers spanning over 4,000 years make it one of the most storied archaeological sites in the world.

Iron AgeClassicalRoman

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Continent Record

Oldest Temple in Europe

Parthenon

447 BCE – 432 BCE

The Parthenon (447–432 BCE) on the Athenian Acropolis is the supreme achievement of Classical Greek temple architecture, dedicated to Athena Parthenos and embodying the ideals of Periclean democracy.

Classical

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Ephesus

1000 BCE – 700 CE

One of the greatest cities of the ancient Mediterranean world. Home to the Temple of Artemis (one of the Seven Wonders), the Library of Celsus, and a theatre seating 25,000.

RomanClassicalHellenistic

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Country Record

Earliest Known Site in Greece

Delphi

800 BCE – 393 CE

Ancient Greek sanctuary and seat of the famed Delphic Oracle, occupied from 800 BCE to 393 CE, perched on Mount Parnassus.

Iron AgeClassicalHellenistic

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Olympia

776 BCE – 393 CE

Ancient sanctuary of Zeus and birthplace of the Olympic Games, hosting athletes and pilgrims from 776 BCE until its closure in 393 CE.

Iron AgeClassicalHellenistic

Panoramic view of ancient Antakya from the hills

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Antioch (Antakya)

300 BCE – 1268 CE

One of the four great cities of the ancient world and a cradle of early Christianity. Antioch's extraordinary mosaics rival those of Pompeii, and its layered history spans Hellenistic, Roman, Byzantine, and Islamic civilizations.

ClassicalHellenisticRoman

Ruins of the ancient sanctuary and city on the island of Delos, Greece

Country Record

Oldest Sanctuary in Greece

Delos

900 BCE – 69 BCE

A tiny, barren Cycladic island that the Greeks held to be the sacred birthplace of Apollo and Artemis — one of the most important religious sanctuaries of the ancient Mediterranean, and later a booming free port and slave market. Its uninhabited ruins, from the Terrace of the Lions to lavish merchant houses, form one of the most extensive archaeological sites in Greece.

ClassicalHellenisticRoman

Pergamon

800 BCE – 700 CE

A major Hellenistic capital perched on a dramatic acropolis, renowned for its Great Altar, its library rivaling Alexandria, and the Asclepion healing center.

RomanClassicalHellenistic

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Bursa

200 BCE – 1400 CE

The first capital of the Ottoman Empire, where the dynasty's founding sultans are buried, home to the Green Mosque and Ulu Cami, and gateway to Mount Olympus of Mysia (Uludağ).

HellenisticRomanByzantine

The colonnaded Oval Forum at Jerash (Gerasa), Jordan

Country Record

Longest Continuously Occupied Site in Jordan

Jerash

170 BCE – 749 CE

One of the best-preserved Roman provincial cities anywhere — a Greco-Roman town in the hills of northern Jordan with a colonnaded main street, a unique oval forum ringed by columns, two grand theatres, hilltop temples to Zeus and Artemis, and triumphal arches, all buried by earthquake and sand and recovered in remarkable completeness.

HellenisticRomanByzantine

Ruins of Sirkap, the Hellenistic-era city of Taxila, with grid-plan streets visible

Country Record

Longest Continuously Occupied Site in Pakistan

Taxila

518 BCE – 600 CE

An ancient city in the Pothohar Plateau of Pakistan where Achaemenid Persia, Alexander's Macedonia, and Mauryan India met — its three successive city sites and Buddhist monasteries document 1,200 years of continuous urban life at the crossroads of the ancient world.

Iron AgeClassicalHellenistic

The Theater of Epidaurus, the best-preserved ancient theater in the world

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Country Record

Known by the Most Names in Greece

Epidaurus

600 BCE – 500 CE

The great healing sanctuary of ancient Greece, sacred to Asclepius, containing the most perfectly preserved ancient theater in the world — renowned for acoustics so precise that a whisper from the stage reaches every one of 14,000 seats.

ClassicalHellenisticRoman