Hittite 타임라인

7000 기원전 – 1453 서기 · 8 유적지

The Hittite kingdom and empire were run from Hattusa in north-central Anatolia, in cuneiform and in conversation with Egypt and Babylon. After the Late Bronze collapse, smaller Syro-Hittite states kept related traditions in the southeast.

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주요

Hattusha

1650 기원전 – 1178 기원전

Capital of the Hittite Empire, one of the great powers of the Late Bronze Age. Features massive fortifications, monumental gates with lion and sphinx sculptures, and the Great Temple.

411

Bronze Age

65

주요

Continent Record

Oldest City in Asia

Tarsus

7000 기원전 – 1453 서기

One of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world — birthplace of St. Paul, where Cleopatra first met Mark Antony, and a major center of Stoic philosophy rivaling Athens and Alexandria.

411

NeolithicBronze AgeClassical

63

Kültepe

3000 기원전 – 1500 기원전

Ancient Kanesh — the site of the oldest known Assyrian trading colony (kārum) and the source of the earliest written records found in Anatolia, predating the Hittite Empire.

312

Bronze Age

52

주요

Country Record

Longest Continuously Occupied Site in Türkiye

Arslantepe

5000 기원전 – 100 서기

A UNESCO World Heritage Site in Malatya preserving the earliest known swords in history and evidence of one of the world's first state formations, spanning from the 6th millennium BCE to the Roman period.

321

NeolithicBronze Age

49

Country Record

Oldest Sanctuary in Türkiye

Yazilikaya

1400 기원전 – 1180 기원전

The most important Hittite open-air rock sanctuary, featuring elaborate relief carvings of the entire Hittite pantheon in a dramatic natural setting just outside the capital Hattusha.

222

Bronze Age

49

Country Record

Earliest Known Site in Türkiye

Alacahöyük

4000 기원전 – 700 기원전

One of the most important pre-Hittite and Hittite sites in Anatolia. The royal tombs yielded spectacular gold and bronze artifacts from the Early Bronze Age Hattian civilization.

312

Bronze AgeIron Age

44

Country Record

Oldest Fortress in Türkiye

Karatepe-Aslantas

800 기원전 – 600 기원전

A Neo-Hittite fortress guarding the Cilician Gates whose bilingual inscription in Phoenician and Hieroglyphic Luwian provided the key to deciphering the Luwian script — the Rosetta Stone of Anatolian archaeology.

321

Iron Age

44

Beycesultan

3000 기원전 – 1200 기원전

A major Bronze Age palace complex in western Anatolia that may preserve one of the earliest examples of a Megaroid hall — the architectural ancestor of the Greek megaron — and evidence of a powerful pre-Hittite Anatolian kingdom.

222

Bronze Age

37