الخط الزمني لحضارة Greek

7000 ق.م – 1900 م · 64 مواقع

اليونان القديمة هنا تعني مواقع منقبة — قلاع ميسينية، وملاذات قديمة وكلاسيكية، ومدن هلنستية — وليست كياناً سياسياً واحداً. قارن بين مواقع المعابد والمراكز المدنية، ثم انتقل إلى روما حيث أعيد استخدام نفس الحجارة في كثير من الأحيان.

جميع المواقع في هذه الفترة

مميز

World Record

Most-Visited Ancient Site in the World

Troy

3000 ق.م – 500 م

Nine settlement layers at Hisarlık in northwestern Türkiye, where Heinrich Schliemann dug for Homer's Troy and archaeologists still debate which level matches a historical war. UNESCO listed the site in 1998; renewed interest from epic film adaptations keeps new visitors comparing poetry with stone.

312

Iron AgeClassicalRoman

93

مميز

Country Record

Longest Recorded History in Greece

Acropolis of Athens

447 ق.م – 1687 م

The fortified limestone citadel rising above Athens — crowned by the Parthenon, Erechtheion, and Propylaea — the supreme monument cluster of classical Greece and one of Europe's most visited archaeological sites.

31

ClassicalHellenisticRoman

87

مميز

Continent Record

Oldest Temple in Europe

Parthenon

447 ق.م – 432 ق.م

The Parthenon (447–432 BCE) on the Athenian Acropolis is the supreme achievement of Classical Greek temple architecture, dedicated to Athena Parthenos and embodying the ideals of Periclean democracy.

422

Classical

87

Delphi

800 ق.م – 393 م

Sanctuary of Apollo on the slopes of Mount Parnassus, seat of the Pythia whose oracles shaped Greek colonisation, warfare, and personal choices. Treasury buildings, a theatre, and the stadium crown the site where Greeks imagined the omphalos, the navel of the world.

422

Iron AgeClassicalHellenistic

83

Ephesus

1000 ق.م – 700 م

Major Ionian city near modern Selçuk, once home to the Temple of Artemis and later a Roman metropolis of marble streets, terrace houses, and the Library of Celsus. Paul's epistles and pilgrimage routes kept Ephesus famous after the ancient harbour silted away.

312

RomanClassicalHellenistic

81

مميز

Olympia

776 ق.م – 393 م

Ancient sanctuary of Zeus and birthplace of the Olympic Games, hosting athletes and pilgrims from 776 BCE until its closure in 393 CE.

322

Iron AgeClassicalHellenistic

79

Country Record

Oldest City in Greece

Sparta

900 ق.م – 600 م

Capital of ancient Lacedaemon, the militarised polis that rivals Athens in legend and Hollywood. Archaeological remains are sparser than Corinth or Mycenae, yet the acropolis, theatre, and sanctuary of Artemis Orthia ground the stories of Helen, Menelaus, and the warriors who march through Homer's Trojan War.

21

ClassicalHellenisticRoman

79

Meteora

1100 م – 1900 م

A forest of sandstone pinnacles in Thessaly, Greece — crowned by Byzantine and post-Byzantine monasteries reached by stairs and bridges — among the most dramatic religious landscapes in Europe and a UNESCO site drawing millions of visitors and pilgrims.

21

MedievalEarly Modern

77

Ancient Corinth

700 ق.م – 600 م

Wealthy classical city at the Isthmus gateway between mainland Greece and the Peloponnese, famed for the Temple of Apollo, the diolkos ship-track, and Paul's letters. Ruins at the forum, theatre, and harbour of Lechaion show why Corinthians traded, preached, and fought across the Mediterranean.

21

ClassicalHellenisticRoman

76

مميز

Country Record

Earliest Known Site in Greece

Ithaca

1300 ق.م – 500 م

The Ionian island identified since antiquity as Odysseus's rugged homeland. Archaeological work at Pelikata hill, the Cave of the Nymphs, and Stavros village has recovered Bronze Age and Hellenistic remains that keep alive the question of how closely Homer's geography matches the real archipelago.

211

Bronze AgeClassicalHellenistic

74

Country Record

Known by the Most Names in Greece

Ancient Corcyra (Palaeopolis)

734 ق.م – 400 م

The archaeological park of ancient Corcyra on Corfu’s Kanoni peninsula, long linked in local tradition to Homer’s Phaeacians and the harbour of Scheria.

111

Iron AgeClassicalHellenistic

72

مميز

Antioch (Antakya)

300 ق.م – 1268 م

One of the four great cities of the ancient world and a cradle of early Christianity. Antioch's extraordinary mosaics rival those of Pompeii, and its layered history spans Hellenistic, Roman, Byzantine, and Islamic civilizations.

312

ClassicalHellenisticRoman

71

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