الخط الزمني لحضارة Ancient Egyptian

7000 ق.م – 700 م · 13 مواقع

مصر القديمة هي الحضارة الأطول توثيقاً على ضفاف النيل: أهرامات الدولة القديمة، ومعابد وطيبة ومقابرها في الدولة الحديثة، ثم إعادة استخدام هذا المشهد المقدس في العصرين المتأخر والبطلمي. تفصل ملفات الأطلس بين النقوش وأعمال التنقيب والشهرة السياحية في فئات أدلة مستقلة.

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The Great Sphinx of Giza with the Pyramid of Khafre behind, Egypt

مميز

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Great Sphinx of Giza

2558 ق.م – 2500 ق.م

The limestone colossus crouched on the Giza plateau — a human-headed lion 73 metres long carved from the living bedrock beside Khafre's pyramid — is among the most searched ancient monuments on Earth and the defining guardian image of pharaonic Egypt.

Dynastic Egypt

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Oldest Necropolis in Africa

Pyramids of Giza

2580 ق.م – 2510 ق.م

The Pyramids of Giza, monumental tombs of Old Kingdom pharaohs Khufu, Khafre, and Menkaure, represent the zenith of ancient Egyptian architectural achievement and religious expression.

313

Bronze AgeDynastic Egypt

مميز

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Oldest Temple in Africa

Karnak

2055 ق.م – 100 ق.م

The Karnak Temple Complex, the largest religious site ever built, developed over two thousand years as the preeminent cult center of the god Amun-Ra, showcasing the architectural ambitions of dozens of pharaohs and the evolving political power of Thebes.

322

Bronze AgeIron AgeClassical

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Earliest Known Site in Egypt

Abu Simbel

1264 ق.م – 1244 ق.م

The twin rock temples of Abu Simbel, carved by Ramesses II (c. 1264–1244 BCE) in Nubia, showcase colossal statues and a celebrated solar alignment; they were famously relocated in the 1960s to escape the rising Lake Nasser.

422

Bronze AgeDynastic Egypt

مميز

Country Record

Oldest Necropolis in Egypt

Valley of the Kings

1539 ق.م – 1075 ق.م

The Valley of the Kings, ancient Egypt's primary royal necropolis during the New Kingdom (c. 1539–1075 BCE), conceals over 60 elaborately decorated tombs, including that of Tutankhamun, revealing profound insights into pharaonic afterlife beliefs and funerary practices.

322

Bronze AgeDynastic Egypt

مميز

World Record

Oldest Necropolis in the World

Saqqara

3100 ق.م – 700 م

Egypt's oldest major necropolis, home to the Step Pyramid of Djoser — the world's first large-scale stone monument, built c. 2650 BCE by the architect Imhotep.

Dynastic Egypt

The colonnaded forecourt of Luxor Temple illuminated at night, Luxor, Egypt

Country Record

Longest Recorded History in Egypt

Luxor Temple

1390 ق.م – 30 ق.م

The southern sanctuary of ancient Thebes — a colonnaded temple built by Amenhotep III and extended by Ramesses II on the Nile's east bank, connected to Karnak by a 3-kilometre sphinx-lined avenue and embedded inside a living city for three millennia, its innermost sanctuary repurposed as a Roman legionary shrine, then a Christian church, then a mosque.

311

Dynastic EgyptHellenisticRoman

Colossal statue of Ramesses II at the Memphis open-air museum, Egypt

Continent Record

Oldest City in Africa

Memphis

3100 ق.م – 641 م

The ruined capital of Old Kingdom Egypt on the Nile floodplain south of Cairo — home to the colossal Ramesses II statue and the archaeological fields of Mit Rahina — where pharaohs from Djoser to Ramesses II governed a city whose name still means "enduring and beautiful."

Dynastic EgyptHellenisticRoman

Excavated stone walls and spoil of Tel Megiddo overlooking the Jezreel Valley

مميز

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Tel Megiddo

7000 ق.م – 400 ق.م

The multi-layered tell overlooking the Jezreel Valley — Canaanite city, Egyptian stronghold, and Israelite fortress whose Greek name Armageddon entered apocalyptic tradition — ranks first among missing archaeological sites in our EN/DE/TR/ZH Wikipedia pageview audit.

NeolithicBronze AgeIron Age

Terraced colonnades of Hatshepsut's mortuary temple at Deir el-Bahari, Luxor

مميز

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Oldest Temple in Egypt

Deir el-Bahari

1479 ق.م – 1458 ق.م

Queen Hatshepsut's terraced mortuary temple rising in limestone tiers against the Theban cliffs at Deir el-Bahari — one of Egyptology's most photographed monuments and a centerpiece of Luxor's West Bank search traffic alongside the Valley of the Kings.

Dynastic Egypt

Philae

380 ق.م – 537 م

The sacred island temple of the goddess Isis near Aswan in southern Egypt — a graceful complex built largely by the Ptolemies and Romans that was one of the last functioning temples of ancient Egyptian religion, closing only around 537 CE. In the 1970s the entire complex was dismantled and rebuilt stone by stone on a higher island to save it from the rising waters of the Aswan dams.

311

Dynastic EgyptHellenisticRoman

The great pylon of the Ptolemaic Temple of Horus at Edfu, Egypt

Country Record

Known by the Most Names in Egypt

Temple of Edfu

237 ق.م – 57 ق.م

The most completely preserved temple in all of Egypt — the great Temple of Horus at Edfu, built by the Ptolemies between 237 and 57 BCE. Its towering pylon, columned courts, and dark inner sanctuary survive almost intact, and its walls carry some of the most complete temple texts to come down from the ancient world.

Hellenistic