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Stone temple podia in the sacred precinct of Sarmizegetusa Regia, Orăștie Mountains

Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0)

КомплексЮНЕСКОИзбранное

Sarmizegetusa Regia

Seyfi Cem Baskin

100 до н. э. – 106 н. э.

The mountain capital of the Dacian kingdom in the Orăștie Mountains of Romania, with a sacred precinct of circular and rectangular stone temples, a fortress, and paved roads. Destroyed in Trajan’s wars and listed with the Dacian Fortresses of the Orăștie Mountains.

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Интерес 54

Местоположение

Румыния

45.62°N · 23.31°E · Европа

Altitude

c. 1,200 m in the Orăștie Mountains

Fall

Conquered in Trajan’s Second Dacian War, 105–106 CE

UNESCO

Dacian Fortresses of the Orăștie Mountains (1999)

Signature feature

Great Circular Sanctuary and andesite disc calendar

“Sarmizegetusa Regia is the best-preserved capital of a major Iron Age kingdom that fought Rome to annihilation—and then vanished from the imperial map.”

Местоположение

Обзор

Sarmizegetusa Regia crowns a ridge in the Șureanu Mountains (Hunedoara County), about 1,200 m above sea level. It was the political and religious centre of Decebalus’s Dacia before the Roman conquest of 101–106 CE. The citadel’s andesite and limestone walls enclose workshops, dwellings, and a sacred zone with circular and rectangular temples on stone podia—some with solar calendars reconstructed from post-hole patterns.

Trajan’s Column in Rome narrates the campaigns that ended here; after the fall, Rome founded Colonia Ulpia Traiana Sarmizegetusa on the lowland about 40 km away, deliberately distancing the imperial city from the old sacred capital. Modern archaeology (Romanian Academy institutes, ongoing conservation) has mapped the fortress circuit, the Great Circular Sanctuary, and iron-working areas that supplied Dacian arms.

The site is hard to reach by design: mountain approaches, wooden-laced stone walls (murus Dacicus), and a landscape of satellite fortresses (Costești, Blidaru, Piatra Roșie). Pair with Rome and Trajan’s Column narrative, and with Celtic oppida for highland capitals that Rome had to dismantle rather than simply occupy.

Почему это важно

Sarmizegetusa Regia is the best-preserved capital of a major Iron Age kingdom that fought Rome to annihilation—and then vanished from the imperial map. Without it, European atlases underplay Dacia as a political peer of the Danubian world rather than a provincial afterthought.

Свидетельства и интерпретация

Различать, что хорошо установлено, а что остаётся предметом дискуссий.

Хорошо установленные факты

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  • Fortress walls, temple podia, and workshop debris establish a late Iron Age capital destroyed in the Trajanic wars.

Научные выводы

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  • Post-hole rings in the circular sanctuary are widely read as a solar calendar aligned to solstices.

Спорные интерпретации

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  • Whether every “murus Dacicus” stretch at Regia is pre-Roman or partly rebuilt after early Roman raids is still argued in field reports.

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Как цитировать эту страницу

Atlas Anatolia. (100). Sarmizegetusa Regia. Atlas Anatolia. https://atlasanatolia.com/ru/site/sarmizegetusa-regia

Материалы распространяются по лицензии CC BY-SA 4.0 — при повторном использовании указание авторства обязательно.

Источники

  • Sarmizegetusa Regia: Capitala Daciei preromane — Glodariu, Ioan (1996)
  • Dacian Fortresses of the Orastie Mountains — UNESCO (1999)Ссылка

Часто задаваемые вопросы

Где находится Sarmizegetusa Regia?

Sarmizegetusa Regia находится в Romania.

Сколько лет Sarmizegetusa Regia?

Sarmizegetusa Regia датируется приблизительно 100 до н. э. – 106 н. э..

С какими цивилизациями связано место Sarmizegetusa Regia?

Sarmizegetusa Regia связано с цивилизацией: Roman, Dacian.

Почему Sarmizegetusa Regia имеет важное значение?

Sarmizegetusa Regia is the best-preserved capital of a major Iron Age kingdom that fought Rome to annihilation—and then vanished from the imperial map.

Входит ли Sarmizegetusa Regia в список Всемирного наследия ЮНЕСКО?

Да — Sarmizegetusa Regia включено в список Всемирного наследия ЮНЕСКО.