Cronologia Achaemenid Persian

4200 a.C. – 1221 d.C. · 6 siti

L'impero achemenide unì i palazzi dell'altopiano iranico a un sistema di strade e satrapie che si estendeva verso l'Egeo e l'Indo. Persepoli e Pasargade sono capitali cerimoniali; molti siti di Atlas registrano strati achemenidi all'interno di città più antiche del Vicino Oriente.

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In evidenza

Record nazionale

Known by the Most Names in Iran

Persepolis

518 a.C. – 330 a.C.

Ceremonial capital of the Achaemenid Empire, built by Darius I c. 518 BCE and sacked by Alexander the Great in 330 BCE, renowned for its monumental terraces and reliefs.

322

Classical

Record nazionale

Longest Continuously Occupied Site in Iran

Susa

4200 a.C. – 1218 d.C.

Ancient Susa, among the world's oldest cities, flourished from 4200 BCE as the Elamite lowland capital and later a ceremonial Achaemenid center, yielding treasures like the Code of Hammurabi stele.

421

ChalcolithicBronze AgeIron Age

In evidenza

Record nazionale

Oldest Complex in Iran

Pasargadae

546 a.C. – 330 a.C.

Pasargadae, the first dynastic capital of the Achaemenid Empire, founded by Cyrus the Great in 546 BCE, exemplifies early Persian royal architecture and urban planning.

322

Classical

The Achaemenid rock-cut tombs and Sasanian reliefs at Naqsh-e Rostam, Iran

In evidenza

Record continentale

Oldest Necropolis in Asia

Naqsh-e Rostam

520 a.C. – 300 d.C.

A towering cliff near Persepolis in Iran carved with the rock-cut tombs of four Achaemenid "Great Kings," including Darius the Great, set above a series of monumental reliefs added centuries later by the Sasanian dynasty. Together they compress over a thousand years of Persian imperial art into a single rock face.

311

ClassicalLate Antique

Earthen walls and ruins of the ancient city complex of Merv, Turkmenistan

In evidenza

Ancient Merv

500 a.C. – 1221 d.C.

One of the greatest oasis cities of Central Asia — successive walled cities of Margiana on the Murghab delta in present-day Turkmenistan, bridging Achaemenid, Hellenistic, Parthian, Sasanian, and Islamic Silk Road empires until Mongol destruction in 1221.

ClassicalHellenisticRoman

Ruins of Sirkap, the Hellenistic-era city of Taxila, with grid-plan streets visible

Record nazionale

Longest Continuously Occupied Site in Pakistan

Taxila

518 a.C. – 600 d.C.

An ancient city in the Pothohar Plateau of Pakistan where Achaemenid Persia, Alexander's Macedonia, and Mauryan India met — its three successive city sites and Buddhist monasteries document 1,200 years of continuous urban life at the crossroads of the ancient world.

Iron AgeClassicalHellenistic